Question
What percentage of the final current flows through an inductor in series with a resistor , three time constants after the circuit is completed?
Final Answer
95.0%
Solution video
OpenStax College Physics for AP® Courses, Chapter 23, Problem 75 (Problems & Exercises)
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Video Transcript
This is College Physics Answers with Shaun Dychko. When turning ON an R - L Circuit, the current will be the final peak current times one minus e to the power of negative time divided by time constant. And so we are told after three time constants, what will percentage of the final peak current [unclear] current be? So we take this formula and divide both sides by the peak current. So we're going to get the ratio of the current to the peak current and that's gonna equal 1 minus e to the negative t over Tau. So it's 1 minus e to the negative 3 tau which is the time, 3 time constants, divided by Tau so the Tau's cancel and so in our calculator, we will plug 1 minus e to the negative 3 and we get 0.950 and as a percentage that's 95.0 percent. And so the current will be 95.0 percent of the peak by the time 3 time constants have passed.